大功率能源模块中的石墨电极气体开关系统

Graphite-electrode gas-switching system in high energy module

探讨了大功率脉冲电源模块中主放电开关和预电离开关整体系统的设计、制造和试验过程。在主放电回路中选择石墨型两电极气体开关作为主开关,因为其在高峰值和快上升沿时间电流的作用下具有很长的工作寿命,并由此构建了基于脉冲变压器的主开关触发器,其中气路控制装置是该系统的辅助设备。在预电离回路中选择石墨型三电极气体开关作为放电开关,并给出了能够同时输出高电压和大电流的预电离开关触发器的设计原理。最后,电气特性测试实验表明两电极主开关峰值电流超过700kA,总转移电荷量超过200kC,此外通过更换电极,开关的寿命可以延长。预电离开关在充气230kPa绝对气压、充电电压23kV下,击穿时延平均值为7.5μs,时延抖动为0.656μs;预电离开关寿命试验的结果显示开关工作4000发次后石墨电极无需更换,开关的总转移电荷量超过10kC。

This article discusses the overall system design,manufacturing and testing process of the main switch and the pre-ionization switch in the high energy module.A two-electrode gas switch is selected in the main discharge circuit as the main switch,because it has a long working life under the current which has high value and low rise time,and a pulse transformer-based main switch trigger generator is thus constructed,the pressure control device is an auxiliary equipment of the system.While in the pre-ionization circuit,a three-electrode gas switch is selected as the discharge switch,and the principles of a trigger generator are given,the generator could both output high voltage and large current.Finally,the tests of electrical characteristics show that the two-electrode switch can sustain a peak current over 700kA with a total volume of more than 200kC transferred,in addition the switch life can be extended through the replacement of electrodes.Under the absolute pressure of 130kPa and the charging voltage of 23kV,the average breakdown delay of the three-electrode gas switch is 7.5μs,the delay jitter is 0.656μs,and the life test results of the pre-ionization switch show that the switch has 4000times working life without replacing the graphite electrodes, and the total transferred charge exceeds 10kC.