菊花多糖不同提取工艺研究

Study on different extraction process of polysaccharides from chrysanthemum

以菊花(产自杭州的杭白菊)为材料,比较水浸提法、超声波辅助提取法和酶辅助提取法对菊花多糖得率的影响,得出最优提取方法和提取条件。考察了水浸提法中提取时间、料液比和提取温度对多糖得率的影响,得出最优水提工艺为提取时间2 h、料液比1∶25(W/V)、提取温度90℃;考察了超声波辅助提取法中提取时间、料液比、提取温度和功率对多糖得率的影响,得到最优条件为提取时间35 min、料液比1∶25、提取温度70℃、提取功率60 W;考察了酶提取法中纤维素酶水解提取菊花多糖提取时间、料液比和酶用量对多糖得率的影响,得出的最优条件为提取时间2 h、物料比1∶40、加酶量占样品重的2%。结果表明,在所设定的实验条件下菊花多糖的得率,以酶提取法最高,超声波辅助提取法次之,水浸提法最低。

Three different procedures of hot water,ultrasonic-assisted and enzyme for the extraction of polysaccharide from Chrysanthemum were studied. The three procedures were compared and then the best procedure and the optimum extraction conditions were obtained. The hot water extraction conditions of chrysanthemum polysaccharides were investigated. Three parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of polysaccharides were extraction times,ratio of water to raw material and extraction temperature. The optimum extraction conditions were found to be extraction time 2 h,ratio of water to raw material 25（W/V）,extraction temperature 90℃. The parameters of ultrasonic-assisted extraction on extraction efficiency of polysaccharides were extraction time,ratio of water to raw material,extraction temperature and ultrasonic power and the optimum extraction conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction were extraction time 35 min,ratio of water to raw material 25,extraction temperature 70℃and ultrasonic power 60 W. The cellulase extraction conditions of chrysanthemum polysaccharides were investigated too. Three parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of polysaccharides were extraction time,ratio of water to raw material and the ratio of celluase to raw material. The optimum conditions of celluase extraction were extraction time 2 h,ratio of water to raw material 40 and the ratio of celluase to raw material 0.02. As the result,the best procedure for the extraction of polysaccharide from chrysanthemum was the enzyme extraction.