鄱阳湖生态经济区畜禽养殖污染负荷分析

Pollution Load of Animal Breeding in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone

以2011年鄱阳湖生态经济区各类畜禽养殖数量为基础,采用参数估算法估算了该区畜禽养殖产生的粪便及其中的污染物化学需氧量(CODCr)、氨氮(NH3-N)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)质量,结合各县(市、区)耕地面积计算得到畜禽粪便耕地负荷量,并以畜禽粪便耕地负荷警报值评价各县(市、区)畜禽粪便负荷量的承受程度。结果显示,2011年该经济区畜禽养殖共产生3 129.42万t粪尿,83.34万t CODCr,6.97万t NH3-N,17.19万t TN,5.79万t TP,该区这些污染物产生量约占全省的40%。对畜禽粪便耕地负荷警报值的分析表明,该经济区有9个县(市、区)畜禽粪便负荷量尚未对环境构成潜在威胁,其余26个县(市、区)畜禽粪便负荷量从理论上来讲都对环境构成了潜在威胁,尤以南昌市青云谱区和九江市浔阳区畜禽粪便负荷量对环境的污染威胁最大。

Production of animal manure and pollutants therein, such as chemical oxygen demand （CODCr）, ammonia ni-trogen （NH3-N）, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP）, were first estimated using the parametric estimatingmethod based on the numbers of various livestock in the Poyang Lake ecological economic zone in the year of 2011, andthen load of animal manure on cropland in each county （city or district） was figured out based on the area of cropland inthe county, and in the end, animal manure load tolerance degree of each county was evaluated in light of the alarming val-ue of animal manure load on cropland. Results show that in 2011, the zone turned out a total of 31 294 200 tons of animalmanure, which contained 833 400 tons of CODCr, 69 700 tons of NH3-N, 171 900 tons of TN and 57 900 tons of TP, ac-counting for about 40% of the total of the province. The analysis in light of the alarming value of animal manure load oncropland indicates that in the Poyang Lake ecological economic zone, 9 counties （cities, districts） were still below thelevel of animal manure load posing a potential threat to the local environment, while the other 26 counties （cities, dis-tricts） theoretically were above or at the level, especially, Qingyunpu District of Nanchang and Xunyang District of Jiujiang.