框架空位默认值与毛泽东诗词的隐译和显译

Default Value of Frame Slots and Implicit Translation and Explicit Translation of Chairman Mao's Poetry

毛主席喜欢在诗词中留白,翻译这些空白的方法分为隐译法和显译法。从认知的角度看,这些空白是文本的语言符号所激活框架的空位,而空白的填充值则是框架空位的默认值,这些默认值使得看似没联系的文本语言符号之间建立起连贯关系,读者因为拥有框架并能够调用框架空位的默认值填补空白而获得文本意义。隐译就是保留文本空白,让译入语读者调用框架空位的默认值填补框架空位获取意义;显译就是明示框架空位的默认值,显示框架内所隐含的意义。译者采用隐译或显译的标准是所使用的译入语语言符号足以激活理解文本所需要的框架和默认值。

Chairman Mao liked to leave “blanks” in his poems, and the translation strategies for such blanks include implicit translation and explicit translation. From cognitive perspective, such blanks are the slots of the frames activated by the language forms, and the blank fillers are the default values of the slots. Such default values help establish coherence of the text seemingly meaningless, and readers can construct the meaning of the text by using the default values to fill in the blanks. Implicit translation means retaining the blanks so that TL readers can get the meaning by filling in the blanks with default values; while explicit translation means manifesting the default values and telling the TL readers the meaning hidden in frames. Translators shall make the decision of whether to use implicit translation or explicit translation on the basis of the amount of language forms can activate the frames and default values needed for understanding the text.