论莎剧汉译中文学性与表演性的兼顾问题——以王宏印《哈姆雷特》译本民歌汉译为例

On Compatibility between Literary Merits and Stage Effect in Translating Shakespeare With Special Reference to Wang Hongyin's Translation of Folk Songs in Hamlet

因语言和传统差异,外国戏剧汉译时通常存在文学精粹再现和舞台表演效果难以兼顾之问题,莎剧汉译亦然。以王宏印《哈姆雷特》译本民歌汉译为案例,对莎剧汉译中文学性和表演性兼顾问题的研究表明,译者采用了宽式对应原则,灵活处理了原文音步、节奏和韵式,主要关注了风格模仿、自然汉语吸收和语言的表现力。译文在总体格局上匀称、美观、自然,语义准确,个性化突出,与角色情绪和动作配合颇佳,俚俗味足、充满活力,具备了汉语民歌的部分美学特征和较强的表演性。因此,莎剧汉译读本的文学性和表演性统一虽有难度,仍具有相当之可能。

Due to language and drama tradition differences, Chinese translators of foreign play scripts, Shakespeare＇s plays included, usually face the problem of rendering compatibly their literary merits and stage effect.The translations of folk songs in Wang Hongyin＇s translation of Hamlet are analyzed to explore the pos sibility of unifying literary merits and stage effect. It is found that a broad correspondence principle is em-ployed by Wang in rendering flexibly the English feet, rhythm, and rhyme scheme, with emphasis on imitating the styles, absorbing natural Chinese elements and elevating verbal expressiveness. Neat, nice and natural in pattern, the translations are accurate and characteristic in a lively Chinese folk song style, well-matching the roles＇ actions and psychology, and realizing considerably the compatibility between literary merits and stage effect.