图式理论视阈下英语导游词教学探析

On English for Tour Guiding and its Teaching from the Perspective of Schema Theory

语言图式、内容图式和形式图式,都是已有信息在大脑中的储存方式,是大脑对过去经验的反映,是已有信息对新信息进行重构并使其与已有信息相融合的过程。英语导游词的学习,是在已有信息与新信息之间建立联系的过程,是一个运用已有图式来建构新图式的双向互动的过程。借鉴图式理论改进导游词的教与学,填补新旧知识间鸿沟的必要信息,帮助学生建立图式网络,并将图式运用于新信息的学习,才能保证对新信息全面深入的理解,导游词也才有可能活学活用。

Schema, including linguistic, propositional and formal levels, memorizes and reflects human experiences in the brain. It processes the present information and penetrates the new information. English for tour guiding is thus the process through which the existing and future information comes in close contact and finally become one part. Schema Theory shows how the existing information reconstructs the new information. In the practical teaching, the interactive activities of language using, background knowledge and discourse organization skills real-ly matter. With its help, the teaching of English for tour guiding can be more effective and efficient.