太岳山不同郁闭度油松人工林枯落物及土壤水文效应

Hydrological Effects of Forest Litters and Soil in Pinus Tabulaeformis Plantation Under Different Degrees of Canopy Coverage in Taiyue Mountains

通过定位试验结合室内测定的方法，研究了山西太岳山不同郁闭度油松人工林枯落物及土壤水文效应。结果表明：（1）不同郁闭度林分枯落物储量变化范围为7．43～10．86t／hm2，随郁闭度增加枯落物储量增加；最大持水率变化范围为276．54％～311．33％，最大持水深为8．02～14．34mm，表现为（按郁闭度排序）：0．7〉O．6〉O．8〉O．5，郁闭度为0．7林分的枯落物持水效果最好；枯落物未分解层和半分解层持水量与浸泡时间呈明显对数关系（R〉O．87），持水速率与浸泡时间呈明显幂函数关系（R〉0．94）。（2）不同郁闭度林分土壤容重变化范围为1．36～1．49g／cm3，总孔隙度均值变化范围为44．71％～48．75％，有效持水量变化范围为395．33～831．00t／hm2，表现为（按郁闭度排序）：0．6〉O．7〉0．5〉0．8；稳渗速率变化范围为1．00～3．47mm／min。

A study was conducted at different degrees of canopy coverage in Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in the Taiyue Mountains, Shanxi Province, to analyze the hydrological functions of litters and soil layers. The results showed that： （1） The total storage capacity of litter layers was about 7.43-10.86 t/hm2 , and litters increased with canopy coverage increasing. The maximum water holding rate ranged from 276. 54% to 311.33% and the maximum water holding depth, from 8.02 to 14.34 mm, showing an order in canopy cover- age of 0. 7〉0. 6〉0. 8〉0. 5. The forest with canopy coverage of 0.7 showed better water holding capability. Water holding rate and soaking time without decomposition litters and semi-decomposition litters had a visi- ble logarithmic relationship（R〉0.87）, and absorption speed rate and immersion time had a power function relationship（R〉0.94）. （2） The average soil bulk density for different degrees of canopy coverage ranged from 1.36 to 1.49 g/cm3 ; total soil porosity, from 44.71% to 48.75%; effective water storage, from 395.33 to 831. O0 t/hm2 , and soil stable infiltration rate, from 1. O0 to 3.47mm/min.