一个新的水稻内卷叶突变体的光合生理效应

Study on Photosynthetic and Physiological Effects of a Novel Adaxially-Rolled Character in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

[目的]明确水稻叶片前平后卷的主要生物学效应,为RL(t)在水稻育种中的应用提供理论依据。[方法]在水稻杂交后代材料中发现一个新的内卷叶突变材料,暂时命名为RL(t),研究了RL(t)与平展叶姊妹系0731-3-1-1B在叶片受光姿态、光合效率及细胞组织结构的差异。[结果]RL(t)较平展叶姊妹保持系三片功能叶明显表现出卷曲度大、挺直度高、叶基角小、披垂角小,相应地,提高了卷叶保持系群体各层尤其上部和中部的透光率;三片功能叶的气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和剑叶、倒二叶的蒸腾速率显著高于平展叶姊妹保持系,从而提高了RL(t)剑叶、倒二叶的光合速率;由于卷叶保持系部分泡状细胞适度萎缩变小,导致叶片内向卷曲。[结论]该研究为内卷叶性状应用于水稻高产育种提供了理论依据。

[Objective] The main biological effects of Leaf roiling of rice was studied to provide the theoretical basis for the application of RL（t） in the breeding of the rice. [Method] A rice mutant with adaxially-rolled leaf was found in breeding, temporarily named as RL（t）. The differ-ences were researched in which light interception structure, light transmission photosynthetic efficiency and cellular structure comparison between RL（t）and its sister lines that had flat leaf. [ Result]Both leaf rolling index and leaf erecting index of RL（t）were higher than those in 0731-3-1-lB. However, its basic leaf angle and leaf drooping angle were significantly lower than those in 0731-3-1-1B in upper three leaves, which caused a great raise in the photosynthetic rate on account of the light transmittance of RL（t） ＇ s population were significantly higher than that of 0731-3-1-1B especially the upper and middle part. The stomata] conductance and the intercellular CO2 concentration of the upper three leaves and tran- spiration rate of the flag and the second leaf were also significantly higher than that of 0731-3-1-1B. The bulliform cells became smaller, leading to the roiling up of leaves. [ Conclusion] The study provided a theoretical basis for the principle of high-yielding breeding with the application of the adaxially-rolled leaf mutant in rice.