宣尼南渡与橘枳之变——1980年代以来东南亚儒学与孔教研究述评

Confucius Thought Spread to the South Areaand Brought an Autochthonous Change——The Review of Research on Southeast Asian Confucianism Since the 1980s

1980年代以来汉语学界关于东南亚儒学与孔教的研究,呈现出以下特点:研究的热点国家为儒学曾为王官学的越南和当地华族有话语权的新马;研究的重要兴趣在于东南亚国家儒家文化流播的历史及其镜鉴意义;研究的核心问题则在于儒家文化与东南亚华人社会的内在关系以及与此相关的儒家文化现代化调适;研究队伍中,中国学者与东南亚学者的视角、方法、成效往往有差异,前者多宏观论述,后者重实证研究。东南亚儒学是当地华族作为少数族裔保持族群意识、维系文化认同的核心资源,从族群意识、文化认同的角度切入东南亚儒学,也许才能把握住其内在的精神实质。

Since the 1980s, Chinese academic research on Southeast Asian Confucianism has shown the following characteristics. Firstly, the main countries researching on Confucianism are Viet- nam, Singapore and Malaysia. Secondly, the important interest of research lies on the spread of Confu- cian culture to Southeast Asia and its significance of historical reference. Thirdly, the key problem lies in the inner relationship between Confucian culture and Chinese society in Southeast Asia as well as the modernization adjustment of Confucian culture. Fourthly, among the research teams, Chinese schol- ars and Southeast Asia scholars often had different perspective, methods and effectiveness. Lastly, for the local Chinese in Southeast Asia, Confucianism is the core resources of maintaining ethnic conscious- ness and cultural identity. Therefore, the research is effective no other than from the perspective of eth- nic consciousness and cultural identity.