创造性问题解决中的社会距离效应

On Effect of Social Distancein Solution to Creative Problems

研究探讨不同创造性任务解决中的社会距离效应.实验1参加者完成一个发散思维任务,即说出砖块的用途,让他们分别在自己遇到的这一问题或陌生人遇到的这一问题或者控制组的情况下,回答问题,结果显示当被试被告知是陌生人遇到的问题时,其思维的流畅性、变通性、新颖性的得分最高.实验2探讨不同顿悟问题解决的社会距离效应,参加者完成2个典型的顿悟问题(言语问题和空间问题),结果表明,人们在文字顿悟的解决中存在显著的心理距离效应,当被试知道是陌生人遇到的问题时,解答正确率最高;但是在图形顿悟问题的解决中没有这种效应,这可能与社会距离诱发的表征方式的特点及其迁移有关.

Investigation has been conducted in this paper for the effects of social distance on different crea-tivity task.In Study 1 ,participants carried out a Divergent thinking task by writing the various uses of bricks for self or strangers.As expected,participants who solve the problem for strangers get highest scores in originality,novelty,flexibility.In Study 2,we haveexplored the effects of social distance on the insight problems solving.Two classic insight problems(spacial insight problem and verbal insight prob-lem)have been investigated.For the verbal insight problem,compared to subj ects for their own problem, and control group,subj ects for their stranger's problem were more likely to solve the problem.For the spatial insight problem,no significant were obtained.This may be related to the characteristics of social distance induced representation and its migration.