近代中国大学校长学校体育思想之启示——走出“锦标主义”困境

Enlightenment of University Presidents' School Physical Education Thoughts in Modern China——Come Out of Cups and Medals Mania Predicament

采用文献法与历史法等研究方法,以近代中国大学校长学校体育思想为研究对象。由于近代西方竞技体育的传入,"锦标主义"逐渐渗透到中国的各层学校之中,致使学校体育偏离了"育人为本、健康发展"的正确轨道,变成了畸形、急功近利的夺金攀比。研究目的:通过对近代中国北大、清华、南开大学3所著名的大学校长对学校体育中单纯崇尚"锦标主义"的质疑与反对进行历史性回顾,旨在为丰富学校体育的深刻人文底蕴、回归学校体育"人文精神"提供历史参考与理论依据。

This paper analyzed university- presidents＇ sports thoughts in modern China by the methods of literature review and historical investigation. Along with the introduction of modern western competitive sports, cups and medals mania has gradually penetrated into all levels of schools in China and caused school sports to be deviated from the principle of “educating people above everything and developing health” and to become malformation, and it only focuses on cups and medals. This article made a historical investigation of question and opposition of cups and medals mania which pointed out by presidents of Peking University-, Tsinghua University- and Nankai Universi- ty-. We hope to provide historical references and theoretical foundations to enrich school sports＇ cultural atmosphere and promote school sports＇ humanistic spirit.