农村人力资本流失的区域农业增长效应研究——基于13个粮食主产省区的面板数据

A Research on the Effect of Rural Human Capital Drain on Regional Agriculture Growth:Based on the Panel Data of 13 Major Grain Production Provinces

基于国家统计局农调队"中国农村劳动力的就业和流动就业状况的专项调查"数据,对全国13个粮食主产区省份农村人力资本、农村人力资本流失及农业人力资本状况进行了测算,并采用面板数据模型,分析了农村人力资本流失对区域农业增长的影响。研究结果表明,农村劳动力向非农产业转移使各地区农村人力资本出现不同程度的流失,也降低了农业人力资本存量,降低了人力资本对区域农业增长的产出弹性,影响了财政支农效果。政府应该完善农业经济政策,提高农业经营效益,提高人力资本投入农业生产的激励;完善农村人力资本政策,使农村人力资本结构与农业生产相适应,提高农业人力资本投资效率,使农村人力资本与农业增长形成良性互动。

Based on the special investigation data offered by the rural survey team of NationalBureau of Statistics, this paper calculated the rural human capital, rural human capital drain andagriculture human capital of 13 major grain production provinces. Furthermore, an evaluation ismade on the effect of human capital drain on regional agriculture growth using a panel data model.The result suggests that a different degree rural human capital drain caused by rural labor transferhas reduced the agriculture human capital, lowering the output elasticity of human capital onagriculture growth and the effect of public finance supply on agriculture. The government should improve its agriculture policy to raise agriculture efficiency so that human capital can be inputtedinto agriculture. The rural human capital policy should be improved to get coordination of ruralhuman capital and agriculture development, raise agriculture human capital investment efficiencyand realize a positive interaction between rural human capital and agriculture increase.