康发达对我国近代蚕种改良的贡献

Contributions of Kleinwachter to Modern China's Silkworm Egg Improvement

19世纪80年代,宁波海关税务司康发达对浙江蚕区蚕种及蚕业生产状况进行了调研,收集蚕茧送至法国进行病毒检验,选派留学生赴法学习现代蚕种制造技术,还进行了蚕种改良的初步实践,特别是在其《蚕务条陈》中系统地提出了改良中国蚕种的主张。其思想和实践唤醒了国人尤其是开明官绅,使他们正视华丝在国际市场面临的严峻形势及由此而造成的巨大损失,看到了通过运用现代科技改良蚕业的巨大潜力、现实可能和基本途径,并把改良蚕种作为蚕业振兴的抓手,从而指明了中国蚕种改良的努力方向,对我国的蚕业的发展作出了巨大的贡献。

Kleinwachter, the Ningbo customs commissioner, made an investigation in Zhejiang silkworm areas in1880s, understood the sericulture status and the production of silkworm egg, sent cocoons to France for virus in-spection, send students abroad to study the modern silkworm egg manufacturing technology, and conducted thepreliminary practice of silkworm egg improvement. In the Present Item about Silkworm Services, he put forwardsystematically the suggestions to improve silkworm eggs in China. His thoughts and practice enlightened his na-tionals especially those liberal officials, and forced them to be in the know of the difficult situation China silk wasfacing and the enormous losses, and to see the great potential, reality and the basic way-out through the use ofmodern science and technology improvement. He considered silkworm seeds reform as the gripper and key in thepromotion of silkworm industry, and showed the right direction of silkworm seed reform in modern China, thusmaking great contribution to the development of sericulture in China.