集中抑或分散?——家庭承包制下的农地租赁市场对地权配置的影响

Impact of Rural Land Rental Market on Land Redistribution under HRS

农地租赁市场对地权配置的影响不能一概而论,与地区的地权初始分配状况、交易费用的大小和对农业规模经营的政策等有关。具体而言,初始分配越平均,则土地市场导致的地权分配不平等程度增加越多;交易费用越大,则市场交易后的地权配置情况越接近于初始分配状况;存在支持农业规模经营政策的村庄,地权配置的最终结果会趋于更加不平等,而且还可能导致效率损失。利用2011年浙江、湖北、陕西53个村的土地分配与土地市场交易调研数据,以上假说通过了检验。

Finding out what impact land rental market has had on land distribution is the reason that this paper is born.Maximizing a model of the household's utility,the propositions below are drawn.First,a more equal initial land distribution means a sharper increase in land distribution inequality after the trade.Second,transition costs dampen the prosperity of the market.Hence,the outcome land redistribution under high transition costs is approximate to the initial distribution.Third,villages executing policies that favor large-scale farming are ultimately faced with more unequal land redistribution.Based on the experience of several provinces in China,this paper validates the hypotheses above.