中药的不良反应及合理用药探讨

Discussion on Adverse Reaction and Rational Drug Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine

目的：通过对中药不良反应的进一步认识，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：入选2010年6月-2013年6月笔者所在医院中药不良反应报告166例，对其资料进行回顾性分析。结果：中药不良反应年龄在5-81周岁，说明中药不良反应发生的年龄段较为广泛，性别差异没有明显差异性，其中60周岁以上的患者所占比例最高，高达34.34%；不良反应涉及中药品种47个，分别通过静脉滴注、肌注、口服、局部用药和外用给药，其中静脉滴注不良反应发生率明显较高；中药不良反应主要累及系统包括皮肤和附件，构成比41.57%；消化系统，构成比为33.13%。结论：中药不良反应应当引起相应的高度重视，应合理应用中药，在不良反应人群中60周岁以上发生率较高，中药注射剂静脉滴注不良反应发生率较高，主要涉及系统为皮肤、附件和消化系统，因此应慎重选择中药治疗以减少不良反应的发生，同时重视中药不良反应信息的流通，尽可能保障患者药品安全合理应用。

Objective：To retrospectively analyze the reports of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine of our hospital and through further understanding of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine to provide references for clinical rational drug use.Method：166 cases of reports of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine from June 2010 to June 2013 were chosen and statistically analyzed.Result：The age of people with adverse reactions were between 5 to 81 years old,indicating that age group of people with adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine was broad.There was no significant difference between different genders.Patients above 60 years old had the highest ratio as 34.34%.47 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine with adverse reactions were involved which were separately given through intravenous drip,intramuscular,per os,ocal application and external application.Among which,intravenous drip had the highest occurrence rate of adverse reactions.The involved systems were mainly skin and annex which accounted for 41.57% and digestive system which accounted for 33.13%.Conclusion：Adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine should be paid high attention to and traditional Chinese medicine should be used rationally. Among people with adverse reactions,the patients above 60 years old have the highest occurrence rate,intravenous drip of traditional Chinese medicine injection has the highest occurrence rate of adverse reactions,and the involved systems are mainly skin,annex and digestive system.Traditional Chinese medicine treatment should be adopted carefully to reduce occurrence of adverse reactions,meanwhile information communication of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine should be paid attention to,and guarantee drug safety and rational use for patients as far as possible.