基于边坡特征的矿山台阶边坡破坏类型及规模分析

Failure Types and Damage Scale Analysis of Bench Slope based on Geometrical Characteristics

台阶边坡破坏是矿山边坡破坏的最主要形式,台阶边坡的稳定性不仅受到结构面的分布和产状影响,而且边坡破坏规模还与台阶边坡的几何特征有很大的关系。通过分析岩质边坡的几何特征,总结出台阶宽度最大的边坡是决定边坡破坏规模的决定性因素,而最大宽度的坡脚则是最大的制约点,由制约点决定不同破坏规模的边界条件,并得到了不同台阶破坏规模的边界条件。与传统的台阶边坡定性分析相比,改进的方法不仅得到了台阶边坡的破坏形式,同时还得到了相应破坏的规模;便于抓住影响矿山台阶边坡的主要结构面或者结构面组合,根据可能的破坏规模来确定需要进一步分析计算的破坏形式,为评估边坡破坏的影响范围提供了定性的依据,并为稳定系数的计算提供了目标;提高了岩质边坡稳定性分析计算的效率,为矿山的安全生产提供指导和依据。

Failure of bench slope is the main type of mine slope failure. The bench slope＇s stability is influenced by the distribution and occurrence of structures, even its failure scale has a great relationship with geometrical characteristics of bench slope. The analysis of geometrical characteristics of rocky bench slope showed that the maximum width of bench slope is the de- cisive factor for determining the scale of slope failure. The slope toe with maximum width is largest control point which deter- mines to the boundary conditions of different damage scales. And the boundary conditions of damage scale in the condition of different bench slope were obtained. Compared with the traditional method used to qualitatively analyze the bench slope, the modified method can get the failure types of slopes, and acquire the damage scale of each failure type as well. It is very conven- ient to find out the main structure or structures＇ combination of bench slope. Further analysis and calculation is made to provide the qualitative assessment of the influence area of slope failure according to the possible damage scale of slope failure and pro- vides accurate target for calculation of stability coefficient. The modified method improves the efficiency in analysis and calcula- tion of rocky slope stability, and provides guidance and basis for safe production in mine.