传统宅门抱鼓石的文化意蕴及审美特色

The Cultural Connotation and Aesthetic Characteristics of Drum-shaped Bearing Stone in Gate of Grand House in China

抱鼓石作为传统宅门的组成部分,最能体现主人的等级差别和身份地位,在传统院落建筑中有着突出的装饰效果与重要地位,其形制、装饰多种多样,是中国古代建筑文化形象生动的表达,具有深刻的文化内涵。该文从抱鼓石的形态构成及其内涵出发,并从瑞兽祥云、花鸟虫鱼和器物什锦等具体的雕饰意象入手,分别从儒家礼制、门第象征、吉祥如意、生殖崇拜、天圆地方等方面,分析抱鼓石在中国传统宅门文化中的物化表现形式,并对其传统文化及审美特色进行论述。

Drum-shaped bearing stone as part of the China traditional mansion gate, most can reflect master grade difference and status, in the traditional courtyard buildings have outstanding decorative effect and important position, its shape and adornment are varied with the expression of Chinese ancient architectural culture vivid, profound cultural connotation. In this paper, starting from conformation structure and connotation of drum stone carving, it analyzes the materialized form of drum stone in China traditional mansion gate culture and discusses its traditional culture and aesthetic characteristics combined with image of auspicious clouds, birds, fish, implements assorted and other specific carve in the aspect of the confucian rites, family status symbol, auspicious omen, reproductive worship, triangle and so on.