农村地区地方权力结构的当代变迁——以江西省鄱阳县管驿前村的治理为例

Study on the change of local power structure in countryside——Base on the governance of Guanyiqian village in Poyang county

随着当代农村村民自治政策在广大地区展开,村落中普遍开展了以直选为基础的治理模式,而民主选举尚无法化解原有的权力形式。以20世纪初以来农村地方权力形成为例,认为除了国家权力外,农村地区的地方势力仍然发挥着一定作用,地方精英也掌握着话语权力,当代乡村治理呈现了多元权力相互作用的复杂格局。村委会作为乡镇的派出机构,其政治性功能相应淡化,经济和管理作用逐渐凸显;地方民间组织和团体则以其文化网络为依托,因其广泛的团结性而成为地方保护的代表。若将广大农村地区的权力形式简化为"国家"与"地方"的二元格局,两者之间的关系随时代而发生相应地变化,在经历了统一、冲突阶段之后,当代的农村治理呈现出国家与地方之间谋求合作的状态。

As the contemporary rural villagers＂ autonomy policy was developed into large areas, mode of governance based of direct elections was carried out generally in villages. Local power in rural areas still played a certain role, and local elites also hold the discourse power. The contemporary rural governance showed complex pattern of interaction. The village committee was regarded as the national agent, and political function decreased accordingly, while economic and management function gradually emerged. Local folk organizations and groups were based on their cultural network, on behalf of the formation of local protection. The power of the vast rural areas form simplified as ＂country＂ and ＂local＂ binary pattern. The relationship between the two powers changed accordingly over time.