乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原携带者配偶感染乙型肝炎危险因素调查

Study on the risk factors of HBV infection among spouses of HBsAg carriers

目的：了解乙型肝炎病毒（HBV ）表面抗原（HBsAg ）携带者配偶 HBV感染状况及影响因素，探讨其有效的防控策略，降低HBV性接触传播的风险。方法采用1∶2病例对照研究设计，运用ELISA对2005年全国乙型肝炎血清学调查中重庆市18～59岁人群HBsAg携带者的配偶、健康人群的配偶开展HBV血清学（HBsAg、抗-HBc、抗-HBs）检测。结果病例组（HB-sAg携带者）HBsAg阳性率（14．8％）明显高于对照组（健康人群的配偶，7．5％），P＜0．01；女性配偶其HBsAg阳性率随结婚年限增加呈上升趋势；多因素分析发现，配偶为HBsAg携带者、不使用安全套是HBsAg感染的危险因素。结论 HBsAg携带者配偶感染HBV风险高；性接触传播中，女性较男性更容易感染乙型肝炎，提倡婚前体检，采取安全性行为或配偶及时接种乙型肝炎疫苗等有效措施以降低 HBV性接触传播。

Objective To investigate the risks of HBV infection among the spouses of HBV surface antigen （HBsAg）carriers and to find out effective control strategies on hepatitis B control and prevention .Methods To use case-control study（1∶2） including spouses of HBsAg carriers aged 18 -59 years-old from the nationwide sero-epidemiological survey for Hepatitis B in Chonqing province in 2005 ,and the spouses of the healthy（HBsAg negative persons）as the control groups ,adopt euzymelinked immunosor-bent assay（ELISA） to carry out the sero-epidemiological testing （HBsAg ,anti-HBc ,anti-HBs） for Hepatitis B .Results The posi-tive rate of HBsAgamong the spouses of HBsAg carriers （14 .8% ） was higher than the rate of spouse among the healthy （7 .5% ） , with difference statistically significant （P＆lt;0 .01） ,the positive rate of HBsAg in female spouse was uptrend as the marriage age grown ,multiple factor analysis found that the risks of HBV infection among the spouses were their spouse with HBsAg and without condom when the sexual behavior .Conclusion The spouses of HBsAg carriers have high risks of HBV .Premarital examinations , safety sexual behaviors with condom ,timely hepatitis B vaccination etc .are helpful for the spouses of HBsAg carriers free of hepati-tis B virus ,especially female spouses should insist on using condom when the sexual behavior because of them easier to be infected by the hepatitis B virus .