宜香1A系列组合的光合生产及产量形成特点

Photosynthetic Production and Yield Formation of Yixiang 1A Series of Combinations

以宜香1A系列7个组合为材料,冈优725和Ⅱ优838为对照,研究了宜香1A系列组合的光合生产及产量形成特点。结果表明,宜香1A系列组合产量均高于2对照,其高产的主要原因是每穗总粒数和千粒重较高。宜香1A系列组合齐穗期叶面积指数较大,上3叶叶面积较大而厚,成熟期SPAD值较大,叶片衰老慢,齐穗后剑叶净光合速率高,光合生产能力较强;齐穗前干物质积累量较大,齐穗后干物质积累优势更明显,且茎叶干物质在齐穗后向籽粒的转运量较高。提高宜香1A系列组合的成穗率进而增加有效穗数和结实率是实现进一步高产的主要途径。

Using seven combinations of Yixiang 1 A series as the material and Gangyou 725 and II You 838 as the control group, the production of photosynthesis and yield formation of Yixiang 1 A series of combinations were stud- ied. The results showed that the yield of Yixiang 1A series of combinations was significantly higher than that of the two controls mainly due to a bigger number of spikelets per panicle and higher 1 000-grain weight. Yixiang 1A series of combinations had stronger production ability of photosynthesis for higher leaf area index, larger leaf area and thicker leaf blade of the top three leaves at heading stage, slower leaf senescence with higher SPAD value at maturity and higher net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf after full heading. They had larger dry matter accumulation before heading, much more obvious superiority in dry matter accumulation after full heading and larger amount of dry matter translocation from stem and leaf to grain after heading. The main approaches to further increasing the yield of Yixiang 1 A series of combinations were thought as increasing the number of productive panicles through improving the panicle-bearing tiller rate and raising seed-setting rate.