深圳市近10年雷电灾害的统计分析

Statistical analysis of lightning-related damages over the past 10 years in Shenzhen city

利用深圳市2004—2013年雷电灾害实例资料,从雷电发生的时间、区域、损失特征等方面统计分析,揭示了深圳市雷电灾害时空分布特征:深圳市年雷电灾害次数总体上呈下降趋势,其中5—8月为雷电灾害高峰期。雷电灾害高风险区主要分布在西部的宝安、福田区以及南山和罗湖的部分地区。深圳市雷灾伤亡人数97%集中在菜地、山坳(顶)、海滨浴场(海上)、广场等地,菜农等弱势群体是雷灾主要受灾对象。做好雷电灾害防御需要做好以下4点:1)建设完善的雷电监测网,为预报预警提供基础;2)建立雷击风险评估制度;3)加强雷电防护的行政和技术管理;4)加强雷电灾害防御知识宣传,增强全社会防雷意识。

Using the real-case data of lightning-related damages in 2004--2013 in Shenzhen city, this work runs a statistical study on the occurrence time and region of lightning-related damages and the losses resulting from them and reveals the characteristics of their spatio-temporal distribution. The results are shown as follows. The number of lightning-related damages tend to decrease generally with the peak in May-August. High-risk areas are mainly in Bo＇an, Futian, Nanshan and part of Luohu districts. 97% of the lightning-relat- ed casualties occurred in vegetable fields, hill tops, and public beaches and squares, and vegetable formers pre-warning, 2） a system of assessing lightning risk is to be set up and perfected, 3） administrative and technical management are to be strengthened for lightning protection, and 4） knowledge of protecting oneself against lightning-related damages is to be further popularized to increase the awareness in society.