解读美国《总统气候行动计划》的动因

Understanding Driving Factors of the U.S.President's Climate Action Plan

长期以来,美国因缺少联邦政府层面的气候行动计划而受到国际社会的指责。这一情况在奥巴马总统的第二执政期有所改变。2013年6月,奥巴马行政当局发布《总统气候行动计划》,被认为是迄今为止最为全面的联邦气候变化应对计划。本文通过梳理行动计划的主要内容,从美国自身和国际社会角度分析了该行动计划出台的各种因素及影响,指出奥巴马行政当局旨在通过启动该气候行动和整合行政资源,修复国家气候战略,提升政治影响,同时此举有助于扭转美国在国际气候谈判中的被动地位,并重新确立领导地位。

The United States has long been criticized for its rejection of the Kyoto Protocol and failing in the issuance of a national climate change action plan.This situation has been changed in President Obama＇s second term.In June 2013,Obama Administration promulgated The President＇s Climate Action Plan,which is regarded as the most comprehensive national plan at the federal level to address climate challenge.By summarizing main contents of the action plan,this paper identifies key factors that have driven the policy development from the domestic and international perspectives.It concludes that the adoption of the action plan contributes to the integration of administrative resources,the revision of national climate strategy,and the enhancement of its political impacts.Besides,the event may also help the U.S.reverse the disadvantageous position and reshuffle it as a new leader in the global climate negotiations.