中型液压挖掘机工作装置设计方法研究

Research of Working Device's Design Method in Medium-Sized Hydraulic Excavator

挖掘机在国民经济建设的许多行业被广泛地采用,工作装置是挖掘机直接承受工作载荷的主要构件,其结构强度与挖掘机的可靠性和工作性能直接相关,以23t液压挖掘机为蓝本,在进行大量现场测绘的基础上,提出了工作装置结构设计的简明方法。确定了23t液压挖掘机工作装置的结构方案和液压缸的布置方案。针对设计要求,对工作装置的运动特性、结构主参数进行分析计算。根据挖掘机的工作特点,在各种危险工况下,验算工作装置各液压缸的闭锁压力和动臂的提升力,并进一步完成了载荷分析。在此基础上初估动臂、斗杆的危险截面尺寸,并校核其最大应力,以确定最佳截面尺寸。最后,对动臂、斗杆进行了强度校核,验证了设计合理性,证明该设计方法具有较好的工程实用价值。

Excavators are widely used in many industries in the construction of national economy, and the work unit is a major component excavator directly under working load, and the structure strength is directly related to the reliability and the working perfornmance and excavators, and with 23t hydraulic excavator, on the basis of a large number of.field surveying and mapping, concise method of working device structure design are put forward.It determines the structure scheme of the working equipment and the layout solution of the hydraulic cylinder. It caculates and analyze the motion characteristics and the lord parameters of the structure according to the design requirements. Furthermore, according to the traits of the excavator, it checks the latching force of work device and the lifting force of the arm based on some dangerous conditions. Meanwhile, it accomplishes the load analysis and intensity calculation, On that basis, it estimates the size of the dangerous section and check the maximum stress in order to determine the optimal numerical. At last, it checks the strength of swing arm and bucket, which verifies rationality of the design and showes that this design method has favourable engineering practical value.