渔业资源生物经济模型研究及应用进展

Progress of theory and application of bio-economic model in fishery resources

渔业资源生物经济模型(Bio-economic model)是渔业资源经济学研究的重要内容,也是研究渔业资源优化配置的重要手段,本文对渔业资源生物经济模型的发展历史进行比较分析,探讨模型在渔业资源开发利用和管理上的应用,旨在为渔业资源可持续开发和科学管理、开发策略评估等提供参考。分析认为,渔业资源生物经济模型已由简单的生物模型,发展成为目前集生态效益、经济效益、社会效益以及环境和气候变化等因素的复杂的动态模型,而国内在这一领域的研究则明显滞后,仍处于理论探索阶段,应用研究也较少。随着数学建模能力和计算机模拟技术的发展,科学家们能够结合各种因子的不确定性,模拟不同渔业管理措施及其可控因子的变化等对渔业资源优化配置的影响,为渔业管理者优化管理策略提供依据,这将是今后的发展重点和趋势。建立一套完整科学的渔业资源监测与评估系统,以及生物、社会、经济等方面的数据采集系统,是开展渔业资源生物经济模型研究的基础。

The bio-economic model is the important study contents in economics of fishery resources, and it plays an important role in resource optimum allocation for fisheries. In this paper, the theory and development of bio-economic model for fisheries resources were reviewed and its developing tendency was discussed based on the collected references, in order to provide reference for the sustainable exploitation of fishery resources and scientific management, development strategy evaluation etc. The result shows that the bio-economic model of fisheries resources has been developed from the simple biology model to the sophisticated dynamic model including biological factors, ecological factors, economic factors, social factors, environmental factors, climate change and others at present. But the current research in China falls behind the overseas obviously, and it is still in the theory exploratory stage, only few applications in fisheries resources. With the development of mathematical modeling and computer simulation technology, scientists could simulate different fisheries management strategies and the changes in controllable factors, and impact optimization allocation of fishery resources by using bio-economic models. This could provide a scientific basis to make a decision for fisheries management, which will be one of the hot topics for bio-economics of fisheries resources in the future. However, it is necessary for the above studies to establish monitoring and assessment system of fishery resources, as well as the data collecting system in biological, economic, social and other aspects.