渔业燃油补贴对渔业资源的影响分析及政策建议

The impact of fishery fuel subsidy policy on fishery resources and policy suggestions

自2006年以来,渔业燃油补贴政策的实施有效缓解了柴油价格上涨与渔民生产成本之间的矛盾,但大量补贴可能会造成捕捞努力量的上升。文章首先阐述了我国渔业燃油补贴政策的主要内容和实施现状,然后通过分析在渔业燃油补贴作用下Gordon-Schaefer模型的变动情况,说明其对渔业资源的影响。结果表明,当渔业处于自由进入的状态,渔业燃油补贴能促进渔业资源的开发利用,也可能进而导致过度捕捞的出现。如果政府对捕捞业不加以干预,只会加大渔业资源的负荷。文章最后在基于渔业资源可持续利用背景下提出了有关合理实施渔业燃油补贴政策的建议,例如调整渔业燃油补助用油系数、根据实际用油量采用阶梯型补贴标准、加强燃油补贴的宣传引导等。

At present, more and more countries and international organizations pay attention to the impact of fishery subsidies on fishery resources. Since the fishery fuel subsidy policy was carried out in 2006, it has effectively relieved the contradiction between diesel prices rise and the fishery production. Meanwhile, the number of fishing vessels is increasing. But a large number of subsidies may raise the fishing effort and also lead to the gradual degradation of the fishery resources and the deterioration of the ecological environment. In view of this, this paper introduces the main contents and the current situation of fishery fuel subsidy policy, and then analyses the changes in Gordon-Schaefer model with the fishery fuel subsidy to explain the impact on fishery resources. The result shows that when the fishel-y is in free entry, the fishery fuel subsidies could contribute to the utilization of fishery resources, and also will lead to oveffishing. If the government doesn＇ t intervene in fishing industry, it will increase the load on the fisheries resources. Finally, some policy suggestions about the fishei＂y fuel subsidy are made based on the sustainable utilization of fishery resources. Firstly, we can adjust fishery subsidies coefficient for calculating oil. Secondly, we can use step-type subsidy standards to give subsidies according to the actual fuel consumption. Last, we should strengthen the publicity and guidance of fishery fuel subsidy policy to eliminate misunderstanding.