基于群体产量及相关性状的玉米耐密性评价

Evaluation of Corn Density Tolerance Based on Yield and Related Traits

采用裂区设计,对QL11、SY2、ZD958、DH601、QL14、JD28、XY335、SD8806和DD60等10个玉米品种,在6.0×104和7.5×104 hm-2 2种密度下的群体产量及相关性状进行研究。结果表明:耐密性好的品种,其千粒质量、穗粒数、单株产量、空秆率等产量构成因素及群体相关指标(成熟期干物质积累量、成熟期绿叶面积、收获指数)随密度变化的变异较小,对密度变化反应迟钝,而耐密性差的品种其个体性状随密度变化的变异较大,对密度变化反应敏感。不同密度下,玉米品种的籽粒产量与收获指数、成熟期干物质积累量、成熟期单株绿叶面积的关系密切,耐密型品种这3因素在不同密度下的相对值较高,可作为耐密性状选择的参考指标。

Using a split-plot design, the yield and related factors were studied with ten maize varieties of QL11, SY2, ZD958, DH601, QL14, JD28, XY335, SD8806 and DD60 under two densities of 60 thousands plants/hm2 and 75 thousands plants/hm2. The results showed that density-tolerant varie- ties had a small changes in the yield components and population related indicators （mature dry matter accumulation, mature green leaf area, harvest index） with different density, and the variabilities of grain mass per spike, grain yield per plant, empty stalk rate, and so on, were unresponsive to density changes. But the variety with poor density tolerance had a greater variability of traits change with density, and their individual is sensitive to density. Maize grain yield and harvest index, mature dry matter accumulation, leaf area per plant maturity were closely related to densities, and these three factors of dense-resistant varieties were higher in different densities, which can be used as selective in- dexes for dense-resistant varieties of maize.