利用BIL群体定位水稻抽穗期QTL及主效位点遗传效应分析

QTL Mapping and Genetic Effects of Main Loci Controlling Rice Heading Date Using a BIL Population in Rice

以南粳35和早抽穗品种N22构建的回交重组自交系（BIL）群体为研究材料，对控制水稻抽穗期的QTL进行定位，并利用高代回交群体对检测到的主效位点进行验证。结果表明：利用Win QTLcart 2．5软件共检测到4个控制抽穗期的QTL，分别位于第2、3、10和12染色体上，贡献率为8．25％～21．62％，其中qHd-2的效应值最高，可以解释21．62％的表型变异，随后用N22／南粳35／／南粳35高代回交群体对qHd-2功能进行验证，在南粳35背景下qHd-2可以缩短抽穗4．2d，说明qHd-2是N22中控制抽穗期的主效QTL。

Using a backcross inbred line （BIL） population derived from Nanjing 35 and early heading variety N22,the QTL that control heading date were identified in Nanjing, and the genetic effects of main loci was verified with an advanced backcross（AB） population. Four putative QTL were identified on chromosomes 2, 3, 10, 12 with WinQTLcart2.5 software. The percentage of phenotypic variance explained （PVE） ranged from 8.25% to 21.62%, among them, qHd-2 had major effect, explaining 21.62% phenotypic variance. Further, the effect of qHd-2 were confirmed in the AB-population of N22/Nanjingg5//Nanjing35, and the result showed qHd-2 could significantly shorten heading 4. 2d than background parent Nanjing35, which indicated that qHd-2 is a major QTL controlling heading date in N22.