8%高效氯氟氰菊酯微乳剂对环境生物的安全性评价

Safety evaluation of 8% lambda-cyhalothrin on environmental organisms

【背景】高效氯氟氰菊酯是一种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂,对鳞翅目、鞘翅目和半翅目等多种害虫以及螨类都有一定的防治效果。关于拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂对某种环境生物的单一安全性评价的研究颇多,但缺乏系统的评价。【方法】根据《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》,测定了8%高效氯氟氰菊酯微乳剂对6种非靶标环境生物鹌鹑、蜜蜂、家蚕、斑马鱼、大型溞和蚯蚓的毒性,并进行了环境安全性评价。【结果】8%高效氯氟氰菊酯微乳剂对鹌鹑的经口毒性7 d LD50为54.4762 mg·kg-1,属中毒;对蜜蜂经口毒性的48 h LC50为2.7391 mg·L-1,属高毒;对家蚕和斑马鱼的96 h LC50分别为0.0067和0.0007 mg·L-1,均为剧毒;对大型溞的抑制毒性EC50(48 h)为1.2716 mg·L-1,属中毒;对蚯蚓的14 d LC50为32.3313 mg·kg-1,属低毒。【结论与意义】本文明确了高效氯氟氰菊酯微乳剂对环境生物的毒性及安全性,可为其在农业生产中的合理利用及其对环境生物危害的风险控制提供依据。

Background Lambda-cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide , targeting various insects of Lepidoptera , Coleop-tera, Heteroptera and mites .Several studies have examined the toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin on single species but not on several organisms.[Method]Toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin on six species （Japanese quail, bee, silkworm, zebrafish, daphnia and earth-worm） was tested in laboratory in accordance with the criteria for chemical pesticide environmental safety assessment .[Result]Ac-cording to the data obtained from the tests, lambda-cyhalothrin had low toxicity for Eisenia fetida （32.3313 mg· kg-1, 14 d-LC50）, medium toxicity levels for Coturnix japonica （54.4762 mg· kg-1, 7 d-LD50） and Daphnia magna （1.2716 mg· L-1, 48 h-EC50）, high toxicity for Apis mellifera （2.7391 mg· L-1 , 48 h-LC50 ）, and extremely high toxicity for Bombyx mori and Danio rerio （0.0067 mg· L-1 and 0.0007 mg· L-1, 96 h-LC50）.[Conclusion and significance]This paper demonstrated the toxicity of lamb-da-cyhalothrin on six groups of species .