社区老年人衰弱状况与抑郁症状关系的研究

Relationship between frailty and depressive symptoms among community-dwelling elders

目的了解社区老年人衰弱状况与抑郁症状关系,为社区老年人心理健康管理提供参考。方法采用方便抽样对683名60岁及以上北京市社区老年人进行横断面调查,调查工具包括一般资料调查表、简明老年抑郁量表、日常生活活动能力量表及衰弱状况通过Fried的衰弱表型法进行划分。结果调查对象中抑郁症状发生率为19.9%,衰弱前期和衰弱的发生率分别为45.7%和11.1%;衰弱状况与抑郁症状呈正相关(P<0.01);排除混杂因素后,衰弱前期和衰弱的社区老年人发生抑郁症状的风险高于其他老年人(均P<0.01)。结论衰弱前期和衰弱的老年人是抑郁症状发生的高危人群,可通过多方面的衰弱管理进行抑郁症状的预防与干预,促进社区老年人身心健康。

Objective To identify relationship between depressive symptoms and frailty among community-dwelling elders, and to provide references for psychological health management. Methods A total of 683 community-dwelling residents aged 60 years or ol- der were asked to fill out a self-designed demographic questionnaire, the 5-Item Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Activity of Dai- ly Living Scale. Frailty was identified by Fried＇s frailty phenotype. Results Of the samples, 19. 9%had depressive symptoms; 45.7% were pre-frail and 11.1% were frail Frailty was positively related to depressive symptoms （P〈0.01）. After controlling the confounding factors, pre-frail and frail older adults had high risk of depressive symptoms than the other elders （P〈0.01 for all）. Conclusion Pre-frail and frail elders are at high risk of depressive symptoms. Measures for prevention of depressive symptoms can be designed based on multidimensional management of frailty to improve physical and mental well-being of community-dwelling elders.