浅谈澳门城市规划体系的建立与挑战

ESTABLISHMENT AND CHALLENGES OF URBAN PLANNING SYSTEM IN MACAO

澳门在自1999年回归后的10多年间,经济发展对社会民生和环境产生了重大的影响。以往由于城市尺度小,人口不多,并没有建立具法定性、整体性的城市规划体系。近10年来城市空间急速改变,城市的历史空间与新发展空间同时面临这一冲击所带来的挑战。市民对于生活质素提升的诉求以及对城市规划的关注,使政府当局自2008年起陆续就城市规划体系及相关的课题进行研究,包括委托内地专家及学术单位进行课题研究、专家论证、公众参与等,力求由下而上逐步建立一套合澳门本地情况的城市规划体系。本文将阐述澳门以往城市规划体系上的不足之处,追析近10年来社会及政府在不断探索合乎澳门社会、经济和环境的规划中所做的努力,当中官民学所进行的一系列的重要工作,有关规划体系建立的进展情况,最后总结新的城市规划体系对于澳门社会所带来的挑战。

During more than ten years since Macao＇s return to China,its economic development has significant impacts on people＇s livelihood and the built environment.In the past,there was no statutory and holistic urban planning system in Macao owing to its small scale and population.However,rapid changes in the urban space in the recent decade pose challenges to both the urban landscape of the historic area and the new development area.Macao residents have higher demand on quality of life and greater concerns on urban planning.As a consequence,in order to gradually establish a bottom-up planning system suitable for Macao＇s future development,the Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region has initiated a series of studies on urban planning system and related issues since 2008,such as commissioning the mainland experts and academic units to do relevant subject researches,panel discussions,and public consultation.This article first of all discusses the problems of the Macao＇s previous urban planning system.Then it analyzes the efforts that the society and government have made in the recent decade to explore a planning system appropriate for Macao＇s society,economy,and environment,among which are key works jointly done by governments,the public,universities,and research institutes,and the progress in setting up the new planning system.Finally,it summarizes the upcoming challenges that the new planning system would bring to Macao society.