澳门特区用地分类体系研究的背景介绍

A BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION OF LAND USE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM RESEARCH IN MACAO

长期以来,澳门特区的城市规划与土地管理体系有其独特性和缺失之处。随着特区城市建设的不断发展,对于规划实务工作的要求不断提高,而既有体系所存在的问题也不断累积。为了应对新的发展形势,解决现行体系下的诸多矛盾,澳门特区政府组织开展了一系列城市规划体系的建构工作,"土地用途分类研究"即是其中一项。本文基于该研究成果,重点介绍澳门特区用地分类体系的研究背景及其必要性。研究分析了澳门的社会经济特征、空间资源发展、规划体系特征以及现行用地分类等内容,并指出高兼容、高密度、新旧并存的土地利用现状以及体系不完善、高度自由裁量权下的规划管理模式等特点是澳门用地分类运行的基本环境。因此,应该认识到,澳门的用地分类研究有必要结合其社会、经济和制度的背景,创设一套适应澳门规划编制与土地管理需求的分类体系。

For a long time,the urban planning and land management system in Macao SAR has developed along with its uniqueness and flaws.In the last decades,Macao has experienced a fast urban growth,requiring higher standards of planning administration which challenged the existing planning system.To adapt to the new economic and social context,and to solve the conflicts under the current system,the Macao SAR government organized a series of work to construct its urban planning system,one of which is the land use classification research.Based on the research,this paper focuses on the political,economic,and social background,as well as the necessity of Macao SAR land classification research.It is suggested that considering the socio-economic context and the characteristics of space resources and current land use planning system,the new land use classification in Macao should be adapted to its operating environment characterized by high compatibility,high-density and co-existence of old and new land use.As well,a high degree of discretion in the planning and land management system will be partly inherited from the current administrative system,requiring some flexibility in the land use classification.Therefore,it should be recognized that the land use classification in Macao has to be adapted to the SAR＇s unique social,economic and institutional context.