精神分裂症内隐语义记忆缺陷研究

Study on implicit semantic memory impairment in schizophrenia

目的探讨精神分裂症内隐语义记忆的缺损特征。方法选取年龄、性别、文化程度等匹配的精神分裂症患者组36例及正常对照组34例,利用相关词、非相关词及非词研究内隐语义记忆缺损特征,实验包括直接启动任务和间接启动任务。记录反应时和正确率。结果反应时数据及正确率数据分别行2×2×2重复测量的方差分析,未发现任何主效应。对于反应时而言,存在三者之间的交互效应(F(1,67)=4.6,P<0.05)。在直接启动和间接启动任务中,精神分裂症组和正常对照组反应时启动指标差异均存在统计学意义(18±6 vs 14±3,P<0.01;20±8 vs 15±9,P<0.05)。在直接启动任务中,精神分裂症组错误数启动指标高于正常对照组(10±5 vs 8±3,P<0.05),而间接启动任务两组差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者内隐语义启动模式存在缺陷,并可能受到病程及阳性思维障碍影响。

Objective To explore the characteristics of implicit semantic memory impairment in schizophrenia.Methods Thirty-six patients with schizophrenia and thirty-four matched normal controls were assessed with relation words,unrelation words and nonwords.Experiment included directly and indirectly priming tasks.Reaction time（RT） and accuracy were recorded.Results Repeated measurement analysis of variance were found no main effect on RT and accuracy.Interaction was found on RT among subjects（F1,67） =4.6,P ＜ 0.05）.In the indirect and direct tasks,there was significant difference of priming index on RT between two groups （18 ± 6 vs 14 ± 3,P ＜ 0.01 ;20 ± 8 vs 15 ± 9,P ＜ 0.05）.In the direct tasks.the priming index of error data in schizophrenia group was more than that in control group（10 ± 5 vs 8 ± 3,P ＜0.05）,while there was no difference in the indirect tasks.Conclusion Implicit semantic memory of schizophrenia is damaged,and may be impacted by length of illness and positive thougt disorder.