港口导堤植被消波的试验研究

Experimental study on wave absorbing effect with vegetation on port jetty

针对天津中心渔港东导堤工程,通过几何比尺为1∶10的断面物理模型试验,研究了植株布置方式、种植排数和淹没水深对护岸植被消波效果的影响。研究表明:1)护岸植被对波浪有一定的消减作用,可减小波浪对护面结构的直接冲击,并降低越浪量,但是植被的消波效果只对一定范围内的波浪有效。2)就植被的消波效果而言,矩形布置方案略好于梅花形布置方案;树木种植排数越多消波作用越大;半淹没时的消波效果略好于全淹没状态。3)结合天津中心渔港东导堤护岸结构,肩台种植树木7排时,植被消波效果最好,其中波高最大消减32.9%,越浪量最大消减87.8%。

Physical model experiment with 1：10 model scale is taken to test the wave absorbing effect with vegetation on east-breakwater in Tianjin center fishing port. The vegetation arrangement, trees rows and submerged depth are considered to analyze the absorbing ability of the vegetation. The results show that： 1） the vegetation can reduce the wave height and overtopping water within a limited scope of wave height; 2） as the absorbing effect, rectangular arrangement is better than the quincuncial one; half-submerged water depth is better than the all- submerged and the more planted rows the better for wave absorbing; 3） for the project of Tianjin center fishing port, the maximum rate is 32.9% for wave height decrease and 87.8% for overtopping water decrease with 7 rows trees on the breakwater shoulder.