紫云英翻压对西瓜-水稻轮作模式作物生长的影响

Effects of Overturning Astragalus sinicus Into Paddy Fields on Crop Growth of Watermelon-rice Rotation

通过田间试验,研究紫云英翻压对后作西瓜-水稻轮作模式作物生长的影响。结果表明,紫云英翻压结合常规施肥或减量20%～40%化肥对西瓜产量均无显著影响,但提高了西瓜中心糖度及边缘糖度,其中中心糖度提高9.6%～14.7%,与对照相比均达到显著差异水平（P〈0.05）。紫云英翻压明显促进了西瓜后作水稻分蘖期植株生长,提高了成熟期每穗实粒数,稻谷产量较常规施肥增幅7.6%～17.0%,均达到显著差异水平（P〈0.05）,其中以紫云英翻压45 000kg·hm-2＋100%化肥（HZ＋100%H）处理产量最高。翻压紫云英提高了后作西瓜中心糖度与边缘糖度品质,还提高了西瓜后作水稻的产量,具有持续的后效作用。

With field test, overturning Astragalus sinicus into paddy fields was conducted to study its effects on crop growth of watermelon-rice rotation. The results showed that there were no significant differences in watermelon yields resulting of Astragalus sinicus plus either normal fertilization or lessening 20%- 40% chemical fertilizer while compared with normal fertilization. Nevertheless, overturning Astragalus sinicus combined fertilization treatments improved the sugar content of watermelon, particularly with a significant increase of 9.6%--14.7% for central sugar （P〈0.05）. For rice after watermelon crop, overturning Astragalus sinicus significantly improved rice growth during the tillering stage and increased the number of grains per tassel in mature stage. Likewise, the yield of rice grain was significantly increased by 7.6 %- 17.0%, the most significant result found from the treatment of overturning Astragalus sinicus 45000kg hm-2＋100% of chemical fertilizer （HZ ＋ 100% H）. Overturning Astragalus sinicus not only increased the quality of watermelon in central and marginal sugar content, but also improved the yield of rice after watermelon, which suggested a continuous aftereffect.