论证明妨碍救济措施之创设——以对英美法律制度的分析为参照

Discussion on establishment of relief measures for spoliation of evidence

证明妨碍的救济措施是证明妨碍制度中的核心内容。受证明妨碍救济措施之单一化的立法模式影响,大陆法系国家和地区的学者对之研究较少,肇因于经验主义和判例法传统,英美法系国家则采多元化的救济措施观。不过在创设证明妨碍救济措施时必须厘定证据法上的证明妨碍制度的目标,确定其使命。以此,则可以看出只有部分证明妨碍的救济措施应列入证据法中,其他的救济或者制裁措施应作为其他法律制度的内容。

The relief measure is a core content or important part in the spoliation of evidence. Affecting by the simplifi cation of the legislation model, scholars in the civil law countries or regions pay little attention to the relief measures for spoliation of evidence. Based on the empiricism and the tradition of case law, scholars in the common law countries hold a view of diversifi ed relief measures on this issue. Before setting up such relief measures, we have to make clear the goals and agendas of the evidence spoliation system in evidence law. On this account, it is convincing to keep just some part of the relief measures in evidence law, while other relief measure shall belong to other laws.