仿生耦合聚晶金刚石复合片钻头

Bionic coupling polycrystalline diamond composite bit

基于仿生耦合理论设计了仿生耦合聚晶金刚石复合片(PDC),通过摩擦磨损实验研究其性能,制备出仿生耦合PDC钻头并将其用于现场试验。以自然界生物(竹子、人类牙齿、贝壳、树木年轮、蝼蛄等)为仿生原型,从聚晶金刚石和硬质合金材料、聚晶金刚石-硬质合金交接面结构及聚晶金刚石表面非光滑形态3方面入手设计仿生耦合PDC,并开展室内摩擦磨损实验。结果表明:与同尺寸的常规PDC相比,仿生耦合PDC磨耗比提高约18.4%,磨损砂轮速度提高约1.67倍,耐磨性和切削效率都显著提高。现场钻井试验中,根据地层情况和井身结构设计制备了仿生耦合PDC钻头,并与邻井同层常规PDC钻头进行了对比。结果表明:仿生耦合PDC钻头的机械钻速约为常规PDC钻头的2.5倍,可大幅缩短钻井周期、节约钻井成本,经济效益显著。

Bionic coupling polycrystalline diamond compact （PDC） was designed according to the biological coupling theory, its performance was evaluated by wear resistance experiment, and then the bionic coupling PDC bit was made and used in field drilling test. The design of the bionic coupling PDC was based on natural models （e.g. shell, mole cricket, human teeth, bamboo and tree annual ring） and started with materials of polycrystalline diamond and carbides, polycrystalline diamond-carbides interface and polycrystalline diamond non-smoothed surface. The wear resistance experiment results show that： the bionic coupling PDC performs higher drilling speed and better wear-resistance than the conventional PDC of the same size, the abrasion ratio is increased by 18.4% and the wheel wear rate is improved by 167%. In field drilling test, the bionic coupling PDC bit was designed according to stratum and depth and compared with the conventional PDC bit used in nearby wells. The mechanical drilling speed of the bionic coupling PDC bit is 2.5 times that of the conventional PDC bit, so the bionic coupling PDC bit can reduce drilling cycle and decrease drilling cost greatly.