日本伏翼的翼型、回声定位信号及出飞时间特征

Wing morphology,echolocation calls and emergence time of Pipistrellus abramus

对日本伏翼的翼型、回声定位信号及晚间出飞时间进行研究。结果表明,日本伏翼的翼型具有高翼载、低翼展比和中等偏高的翼型特征。日本伏翼发出具有1-2个谐波结构的调频型(FM)回声定位信号叫声,其叫声时程、主频率的平均值分别为3.26 ms和56.27 kHz,所有叫声特征参数,个体间变异系数CVb比个体内变异系数CVw大。日本伏翼的晚间出飞时间具有明显月变化,与当地日落时间、气温呈现显著相关。通过与文献比较,发现日本伏翼的回声定位信号特征与录音状态、飞行生境有关;此外,晚间出飞时间存在一定的地理差异。本研究结果将为蝙蝠回声定位信号特征的种属特异性及其生境选择的进一步研究提供有用的信息。

In this study we investigated the wing morphology,variation in echolocation calls and emergence time of Pipistrellus abramus. Our results showed that P abramus has a high wing loading,low aspect ratio and medium/ high wing tip shape index. P. abramus produced frequency modulate （FM）calls with 1 -2 harmonics with the mean values of call duration and dominant frequency of P. abramus being 3.26 ms and 56.27kHz, respectively. For each call parameter,the coefficient of variation between-individual （CVb ）was larger than that of within-individual （CVw）. The timing of evening emergencewas significantly different between months and was correlated with the time of sunset and air temperature. Combining our data with previous studies,we predict that characteristics of echolocation calls of P. abramus are correlated to recording position and foraging habitats. Meanwhile,timing of evening emergence varied between different geographical populations.This work should provide useful information in furthering our understanding of the characteristics of species-specific echolocation calls as well as choice of habitat types.