土壤调理剂在葡萄上应用效果初探

Study on the Application of Soil Conditioner in Grape

该研究探讨了施用土壤调理剂对山东龙口酸化葡萄园土壤环境、葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响。设置硅钙钾镁土壤调理剂4个施加量处理和对照,通过研究土壤pH值、有机质、有机碳、碱解氮、单粒重、产量、总酸含量、可溶性固形物的影响确定适宜的施加量。结果表明：不同土壤调理剂用量处理均增加了葡萄园土壤pH值、有机质、有机碳和碱解氮含量,增加趋势与用量基本呈正相关,其最高增幅分别为10.5%、5.0%、70.8%和13.7%。施加土壤调理剂增加了葡萄单穗重、产量、可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量和硬度,最高增幅分别为21.9%、32.7%、16.9%、17.7%和23.4%,但降低了葡萄的总酸含量（降幅在4.7%~11.6%）。综合不同用量处理结果,土壤调理剂有效改善了研究地的土壤化学性质,并提高了葡萄产量和品质,红地球葡萄株施硅钙钾镁土壤调理剂0.22~0.30kg为宜,即667m2施用75~100kg。

This study explored the effects of soil conditioner on the acidic vineyard soil and the growth and fruit quality of grape. It was set four levels of addition of soil conditioner and the control,the effects on soil pH,organic carbon, organic matter,available nitrogen, single grain weight, yield and soluble solid content, etc. were compared. The results showed that addition of soil conditioner all increased the soil pH, the content of organic matter, organic carbon and available nitrogen,and the increments were roughly positively correlated with the amount of soil conditioner added. The highest relative increments of soil pH, the content of organic matter,organic carbon and available nitrogen were 10. 5 %, 5.0%, 70. 8% and 13. 7 % respectively. In addition, soil conditioner addition increased the single grape weight,yield,soluble solid content,total sugar content and hardness, the corresponding highest relative increments were 21.9%,32.7%,16.9%, 17. 7% and 23. 4%,respectively. However,soil conditioner addition reduced the total acid content of grapes by 4. 7% 11.6%. In conclusion,these results suggested that adding soil conditioner significantly improved the studied soil chemical properties and the yield and quality of grape ,the appropriate application amount of silicon-calcium-magnesium-potassium soil conditioner in the vineyard was 0. 22-0. 30 kg per individual,i, e. ,75-100 kg/667m^2.