东海200海里以外大陆架划界问题研究

The Delimitation of the Continental Shelf beyond 200 Nautical Miles in the East China Sea

东海陆架位于中国、日本、韩国三国之间，是中国大陆领土的自然延伸。东海最宽处小于400海里的事实表明，即使三国各自根据《联合国海洋法公约》主张200海里以内的大陆架也会出现重叠区，如果主张200海里以外的大陆架，就会出现大面积重叠区，大陆架的划界势必通过三国间的相互谈判解决。三国目前都在寻求不同的国际法理来支持各自的主张。中国一贯主张自然延伸原则和公平原则；韩国在黄海及东海西部主张等距离方法，而在东海东部主张自然延伸原则；日本则倾向于等距离方法。中、日间钓鱼岛主权的争端将直接影响中、日在东海南部的大陆架划界。中、韩于2012年分别提交的东海部分划界案使三国在东海的大陆架划界争端升级到一个新阶段。

The East China Sea continental shelf, situated between China, Japan and the Republic of Korea （hereinafter ＂Korea＂）, is a natural prolongation of the land territory of China. It is obvious that, because the East China Sea is less than 400 nautical miles at its maximum breadth, areas claimed by each country will overlap even if their claimed continental shelves stay within 200 nautical miles as provided under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Claims for continental shelves beyond 200 nautical miles will result in large overlapping areas. The delimitation of the East China Sea continental shelf will certainly require the three countries to negotiate for a solution. The three have relied on different principles from international law to support their respective claims. China has consistently asserted principles of natural prolongation and equity; Korea advocates the equidistance method for the Yellow Sea and the western East China Sea, and the natural prolongation principle for the eastern East China Sea; and Japan favors the median line method. The sovereignty dispute over Diaoyu Dao between China and Japan will directly influence the delimitation of the continental shelf in the southern East China Sea. The partial submissions on the East China Sea by China and Korea in 2012 have escalated the disputes on the delimitation of the East China Sea continental shelf among the three countries to a new level.