粮作改种的动力研究——以黔东南“糯改籼”为例

Driving forces of “from glutinous rice to nonglutinous rice” policy in southeastern Guizhou

粮食作物大规模改种的发生有其动力机制,黔东南的"糯改籼"就由政策实施、农技推广、人口增长、农民外流、商业开发和环境变化等6大动力联合推动。通过对动力格局的分析,解释了"糯改籼"取得显著成效的原因,从经济效益、生态效益和社会效益3个维度列举了实施改种过程中出现的问题,并提出了因地制宜、自愿参与、永续发展等3个原则作为建议,为民族地区更好地制定粮作改种政策提供参考。

There are some dynamic mechanisms behind changing food crops.＂From glutinous rice to nonglutinous rice＂ in southeastern Guizhou is pushed forward by 6 driving forces,including agricultural policy,agricultural technology extension,population increasing,outflow of farmers,developing market and environment change.On the base of the dynamic structure analysis,this paper explains the reasons why ＂from glutinous rice to nonglutinous rice＂ achieves demonstrable results,puts forward the problems in the change process from the respect of economic benefit,ecological benefit and social benefit.We should adopt measures suiting local conditions,respect the wishes of farmers,and try to achieve sustained development.The research can provide references for agricultural policy setting in minority areas.