民族地区职业教育优先发展政策评析及展望

Prospects and Analysis on the Priority Development Policy of Vocational Education in Minority Areas

改革开放以来民族地区职业教育政策可以分为萌芽、初创、调整和机遇期四个阶段。其政策演进在横向上体现了国家政策的地区倾斜和民族地区内部的特殊优惠性,是教育优先发展重要理念的体现;但在社会转型期,相关政策还存在操作性不强、执行失真、民族与地方差异性较大、经济至上取向明显和评估体系不健全等诸多问题。面对构建现代职业教育体系的现实诉求,民族地区一方面应不断提高职业教育政策的科学化、针对性、民族性;另一方面要加强政策制定者、执行者和监督者的协调与合作,保证民族地区职业教育政策得到有效实施。

Since the reform and opening up, vocational education policy in minority areas can be divided into four stages of sprouting, establishment, adjustment and opportunity. The policy evolution embodies regional tilts of national policy and special preferential inside the minority areas, and is the embodiment of the important view of education priority develop- ment. However, in the period of social transformation, the relevant policy is still not strong operational, executive distor- tion, poor attention to national and local difference, obvious economic supremacy and evaluation system not perfect etc.. Facing the reality of constructing the system of modem occupation education, minority areas should continuously improve the scientificity, pertinence and nationality of vocational education policy; on the other hand, it should strengthen coordina- tion and cooperation between policy makers, executors and supervisors, to ensure effective implementation of national voca- tional education policies.