武陵山区农村妇女慢性病患病状况及与生命质量的关系

Prevalence of chronic diseases in rural women in Wuling mountainous area and the relationship with quality of life

目的:了解武陵山区农村妇女慢性病患病状况及与生命质量关系,为武陵山区农村妇女慢性病的防治提供依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样的方法,使用自制调查表和WHOQOL-BREF量表对武陵山区1 521名农村妇女进行调查。结果:患慢性病者537例,占调查总人数的35.3%;患病比例最高的是骨关节病,占23.1%;慢性病的患病与年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、参加体育锻炼程度、睡眠状况及是否定期体检有关(P<0.01);患慢性病的农村妇女生命质量各领域得分均低于未患慢性病者(P<0.001);患病数量越多,生命质量各领域得分越低(P<0.001);不同类型慢性病患者生命质量各领域得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:1武陵山区农村妇女慢性病患病率高;慢性病降低了妇女生命质量;糖尿病、高血压和脑血管疾病对生命质量的影响最大。2加强慢性病的防治是改善武陵山区农村妇女生命质量的重要途径。

Objective： To understand the relationship between prevalence of chronic diseases in rural women in Wuling mountainous area and quality of life （ QOL）, provide a basis for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in rural women in Wuling mountainous area. Methods： A random cluster sampling method was used in the study; a total of 1 52,1 rural women were investigated by a self-made questionnaire and WHOQOL BREF questionnaire. Results： Among the rural women, 537 women were diagnosed as chronic diseases, accounting for 35.3% ; the proportion of osteoarthrosis was the highest, accounting for 23.1% ; the prevalence of chronic diseases was correlated with age, educational level, state of marriage, level of participation in physical exercise, sleeping status and regular physical examination or not （P 〈 0. 01 ） ; the scores of QOL in different dimensions among rural women with chronic diseases were statistically significantly lower than those among rural women without chronic diseases （P 〈0. 001 ） ; the higher the number of rural women with chronic diseases was, the lower the scores of QOL in different dimensions were （p 〈 0. 001 ） ; there were statistically significant differences in the scores of QOL in different dimensions among rural women with chronic diseases of different types （P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusion： The prevalence rate of chronic diseases in rural women in Wuling mountainous area is high ; chronic diseases reduce QOL of these women; the impacts of diabetes, hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases on QOL are the largest; strengthening prevention and treatment of chronic diseases is an important way to improve QOL of rural women in Wuling mountainous area.