产妇剖宫产后切口真菌感染的相关危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors related to fungal infections after maternal cesarean

目的探讨产妇剖宫产后切口真菌感染的相关危险因素,为剖宫产后护理和感染预防提供参考和依据。方法随机选取2007年1月-2011年3月10 002例于医院行剖宫产手术中的200例产妇,其中发生产后真菌感染者100例,为感染组,另100例未发生产后真菌感染,为非感染组;收集两组患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,分析产后切口感染的危险因素,针对危险因素提出护理干预措施,数据采用SPSS 18.0进行分析。结果产妇剖宫产后真菌感染的相关因素有年龄>30岁、肥胖、患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病、低蛋白血症、手术持续的时间>1h、预防性抗菌药物使用、胎膜早破(P<0.05);logistic回归分析显示,肥胖、患有低蛋白血症、手术持续的时间>1h、胎膜早破是剖宫产妇产后切口真菌感染的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论肥胖、患有低蛋白血症、手术持续的时间>1h、胎膜早破是剖宫产妇产后切口真菌感染的可能危险因素,应针对危险因素进行有效的护理,降低剖宫产妇产后切口真菌感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To explore the associated risk factors for incision fungal infections after cesarean and effective nursing intervention, and provide reference for nursing and prevention for infection after cesarean section. METHODS Totally 200 out of 10002 puerpera who underwent cesarean surgery in our hospital from Jan. 2007 to Mar. 2011 were randomly selected, 100 puerpera who had fungal infections after cesarean were set as the infection group, another 100 puerpera who had no fungal infection as the noninfection group. The clinical materials of two groups were collected and retrospectively analyzed for the possible risk factor for infection after cesarean, and nursing intervention was proposed based on the risk factors. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0. RESULTS The risk factors for incision fungal infection after cesarean were above 30 years old, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypoalbuminemia, surgery time longer than 1 hour, prophylactic use of antibiotics and premature rupture of membranes （PROM） （P〈0.05）. Logistic analysis showed obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypoalbuminemia, surgery time longer than 1 hour and PROM were possible risk factors （P〈0. 05）. CONCLUSION Obesity, hypoalbuminemia, surgery time longer than 1 hour, PROM are the possible risk factors for incision fungal infection after cesarean delivery, effectively nursing based on the risk factors could significantly reduce the incidence of incision fungal infections.