基于排队论的公交线路调度优化

Optimization of Bus Scheduling Based on Queuing Theory

在分析、总结现有调度模型的基础上,结合中国城市公交常用的调度模式,采用随机服务系统理论(排队论)针对公交线路调度问题进行了研究,建立了以客流需求为基础数据、兼顾公交企业和乘客利益为目标函数的公交线路发车频率求解数学模型。首先描述了模型目标函数的构建过程。接着引入了乘客满意度函数并确定了约束条件中各组成要素的计算方法。最后利用全国数学建模大赛提供的数据对模型进行了案例研究,并利用Matlab进行了模型的求解。结果表明:该模型在求解和适用性方面均具有很好的优势,在现实中对公交调度问题有很强的实用意义。

Based on the analysis and summarization of existing bus scheduling models, according to the commonly used bus scheduling mode in Chinese cities, the bus route scheduling problem is studied using the theory of stochastic service system theory （queuing theory）. Taking the travel demand as the fundamental data, the interests of bus company and passengers as the objective function, a mathematical model for solving bus frequency is established. First, the process of the objective function construction is described. Then, the passenger satisfaction function is introduced and the algorithm of each component of constraints is determined. Finally, based on the data of national mathematical modeling competition, the case study is carried out, and the model is solved using Matlab software. The results show that the model has advantages in solving and applicability, it is very practical for bus scheduling.