咸宁市农村已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染患病状况及影响因素分析

Study on prevalence rate and influencing factors of reproductive tract infections among married women of childbearing age in rural area of Xianning City

目的：了解咸宁市农村已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染（RTIs）状况及影响因素,为制定有效的干预措施提供依据。方法：采用多阶段随机抽样法调查1826名已婚育龄妇女,采用统一问卷调查、临床检查和实验室检查。应用非条件logistic回归对RTIs的影响因素进行分析。结果：共检出RTIs患者675例,总患病率为36.97%,其中宫颈炎、细菌性阴道病、念珠菌性阴道炎、滴虫性阴道炎的患病率分别为26.78%、16.76%、7.17%、3.89%,附件炎、衣原体感染、淋病、尖锐湿疣的患病率分别为2.08%、1.97%、0.11%、0.05%。RTIs患者中53.19%（359/675）人自我报告有生殖道感染的症状。多因素logistic回归分析发现家庭月收入〈1500元、年龄30～39岁、宫内节育器避孕、既往生殖道感染史、生育胎数≥3、混用洗外阴的用具为RTIs的危险因素,生殖道感染相关知识为保护因素。结论：已婚育龄妇女RTIs患病率较高。RTIs的发生与多种因素相关,应针对危险因素采取综合干预措施来控制RTIs的发生。

Objective： To explore the prevalence of reproductive tract infections （RTIs） and its influencing factors a- mong married women of childbearing age in rural area in Xianning City, and to provide the evidence for prevention of RTIs.Methods：A multistage sampling for 1826 married women of childbearing age was performed, and standard methods were used to questionnaire investigation, clinic and laboratory examinations. The logistic regression analysis was used to analyze influence factors of RTIs.Results： In this survey, 675 RTIs were identified with a overall prevalence of 36.97%. The incidence rates of cervicitis, bacterial vaginosis, candida and trichomonas vaginitis were 26.78%, 16. 76 %, 7.17 % and 3.89% respectively.Those of appendagitis, chlamydia, gonorrhea and condyloma acuminatum were 2. 08%0, 1.97%, 0.11% and 0,05%, respectively. About 53.19%（359/675） of these infected women were symptomatic. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that common risk factors of RTIs were less than 1500 Yuan of family income, 30 to 39 years of age, intrauterine device insertion, history of RTIs, not less than 3 deliveries, mixed utensils for washing vulva, while the relative knowledge of RTIs might be the protective factor.Conclusion： The prevalence rate of RTIs in married women of childbearing age was high. The incidence of RTIs is related to multiple factors. Integrated intervention measures should be improved to prevent and control RTIs.