运用追踪法降低护生实习期间职业暴露的效果观察

OBSERVATION OF THE EFFECT OF TRACING METHOD ON REDUCING THE OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE OF NURSING STUDENTD

目的探讨运用追踪法对预防实习护生发生职业暴露的方法及效果。方法将我院2013年7月～2014年2月来院实习的护生80人作为实验组,将2012年7月～2013年2月来院的实习护生80人作为对照组。对照组：护生来院后进行常规的岗前培训；实验组：在常规岗前培训的基础上运用追踪法进行干预。措施包括：建立实习护生职业暴露个案追踪专责小组,以实习护生共性问题为主要追踪项目,制定实习护生职业暴露预防指引、实施预防为主技术、健全典型职业暴露案例讨论制度、强化高风险科室入科教育,落实临床实习巡查制度,加强教学与临床相结合,制定每月监控和管理追踪策略。结果实验组实习护生职业暴露发生率为3.75%,对照组实习护生职业暴露发生率13.75%,两者差异有显著性,p〈0.05,有统计学意义。结论运用追踪法加强实习管理,可有效预防职业暴露的发生。

Objective To discuss the method and effect of tracing method on occupational exposure prevention of probationer. Methods In our hospital,80 nursing students from July 2013 to February 2014 were regarded as the experimental group,while 80 from July 2012 to February 2013 as the control group. Control group： nursing was born from routine pre-employment training. the experimental group： Based on conventional pre- job training,using tracing method measures for intervention include： the establishment oftracking task force on occupation exposure case of practice nursing students which takescommon problems of probationer as the main track and makes prevention guidelines,the implementationof prevention technology,the perfection of occupation exposure typical case discussion system,the strengtheningof the entrance education into the high risk departments along with implementing the inspection system to strengthen the combination of teaching and clinical practice and generating monthly monitoring and managing tracking strategy. Results was significantly different from two groups as the occupation exposure occurrence rate is 3. 75% for experimental group and 13. 75% for Control group（p 0. 05）. Conclusion Using tracing method to strengthen the management of internship can effectively prevent the occupational exposure.