枯叶蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的营养成分分析

Analysis of nutritional components in larva and pupa of Kallima inachus

为探寻枯叶蛱蝶幼虫和蛹中所含的主要营养成分,评价其营养价值水平,运用国家标准检测方法测定其水分、脂肪、蛋白质、矿质元素和氨基酸的含量,分析其氨基酸分和必需氨基酸指数,并与猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉、竹虫幼虫的蛋白质、脂肪、矿质元素含量进行比较。结果表明:枯叶蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的蛋白质含量分别为68.4%和57.8%,脂肪含量分别为8.6%和3.8%,碳水化合物含量分别为17.2%和27.0%,灰分含量分别为5.8%和11.4%,幼虫和蛹的矿质元素含量高,能量值低;枯叶蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的17种氨基酸总含量分别为430.6、306.0 mg/g,必需氨基酸总含量分别为169.7、120.5 mg/g;枯叶蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的必需氨基酸总含量占17种氨基酸总含量的比均约为39.4%,必需氨基酸总含量占非必需氨基酸总含量的比均为0.65,枯叶蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的必需氨基酸指数分别为0.952和0.733,表明枯叶蛱蝶幼虫可作为优质蛋白源,而蛹为不适蛋白源。综合分析结果表明,枯叶蛱蝶幼虫具有较高的营养价值和食用开发价值,而蛹的营养价值略低。

To explore the main nutritional ingredients in larva and pupa of Kallima inachus, and to provide a theoretical basis for their edibility, the content of water, fat, protein, mineral elements and amino acids were determined using the national standard methods. Amino acid score and essential amino acid index were also analyzed, and the nutritional content of protein, fat and mineral elements in larva and pupa of Kallima inachus were compared with those in common foods. The results showed that there contained 8.6% and 3.8% of fat, 68.4% and 57.8% of protein, 5.8% and 11.4% of ash, 17.2% and 27.0% of carbohydrate in larva and pupa of K. inachus respectively. Total amino acid content in larva and pupa of Kallima inachus were 430.6 mg/g and 306.0 mg/g respectively, both of them included 39.4% of the essential amino acids. The element ratio of essential amino acids and nonessential amino acids was 0.65. Their essential amino acid index was 0.952 and 0.733 respectively. Therefore, larva of K. inachus had higher nutritional value and edible value than that in pupa.