几种常用屋面形状和倾角的日光温室光照环境比较

Light Environment Comparison of Solar Greenhouse with Different Roof Shapes and Inclination Angles

[目的]屋面形状和倾角是影响日光温室透光特性的重要因素,研究系统分析不同屋面形状和不同屋面倾角下的室内光照状况.[方法]利用日光温室光环境模拟评价与屋面形状辅助设计系统,对目前实际工程中采用较多的双圆组合、直线与圆弧组合日光温室屋面形状以及常用屋面倾角所形成的室内光环境进行模拟和分析.[结果]在设定的模拟室外气象和屋面基本要求条件下,不同屋面形状的日光温室内光环境指标差异不大,总平均透过率最大相差1.4％;但屋面倾角对进光量有显著影响,随着屋面倾角的增大,透光量也随着增加,且增加的部分主要集中在墙面上.[结论]在满足基本条件下的屋面形状对日光温室光照环境特征影响较小,双圆、直线加圆弧是便于制作、且采光性能也满足要求的两种屋面;屋面倾角对日光温室透进室内的太阳辐射量有显著影响,24°-32°,每增加2°,单位温室长度各表面累计光辐射能量之和平均增加4.6％,其中墙面上平均增加10.9％,提高屋面倾角有助于提高室内温度环境.

[ Objective ] The shape and inclination of roof are important factors influencing light distribuin solar greenhouse. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze indoor lighting conditions with different roof shapes and inclinations theoretically and systemically. [ Method ] China solar greenhouse light environment assessment and roof shape aided design systems （RGWSGHJ ＆ WM V1.0） were used and light environment in China solar greenhouse with typical roof shape and common roof inclination of Beijng was simulated and an- alyzed. [ Result ] Based on the assumption of the simulated outdoor weather conditions of the winter solstice in 2013, the difference in the light environmental indicators of roof shapes was not that big, of which the total average light transmittance was 1.4%. With the inclination of roof rising, interior transmitted light amount also increased, mainly reflected in the wall. [ Conclusion ] Impact of roof shape and inclination on light environment in solar greenhouse was less, DOT roof curve and it was easy to produce the linear - circular - arc roofcurve and meet the requirements of lighting greenhouse in the amount of penetration solar performance. The roof inclination had a significant impact on radiation into the inside. From 24° to 32°, each additional 2° would increase an average of 4.6% on sum of optical radiation energy of each surface in unit greenhouse length, in which the average increase was 10.9% on the wall. Roof inclination might affect the amount of transmitted light of the wall, thereby affecting the heat storage capacity of the wall, thus helping improve the temperature environment indoor. The raise of the inclination of roof is of benefit to increase the interior temper- ature environment.