氨基酸微肥对日光温室黄瓜果实品质及产量的影响

Effects of Amino Acid Microelement Fertilizer on Fruit Quality and Yield of Cucumber in Solar Greenhouse

【目的】研究不同用量氨基酸微肥对日光温室黄瓜果实品质及产量的影响,为其在黄瓜生产中的应用提供理论依据。【方法】在日光温室内,黄瓜定植后进行6个氨基酸微肥施用量5、10、15、20、25、30 L/667 m2的灌根处理,以清水作为对照。处理40 d后,取相同果位的黄瓜进行可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、VC、硝酸盐含量的果实品质测定,并调查记载产量。【结果】与清水对照相比,施用氨基酸微肥可以显著提高日光温室栽培黄瓜果实品质。随着氨基酸微肥施用量的增大,黄瓜果实中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、VC含量均逐渐增加,且表现出低浓度增加幅度大,高浓度增加幅度下降的趋势;硝酸盐含量随施用浓度的增加呈现出逐渐降低的趋势,但施用量超过20 L/667 m2时,硝酸盐含量降低幅度减小。各处理中,以施用20 L/667 m2氨基酸微肥提高果实品质效果最佳(T4处理),该处理下的黄瓜果实可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、VC含量分别较对照高出92.85%、96.77%、120.93%,硝酸盐含量较对照降低了32.77%。同时,施用氨基酸微肥还不同程度提高了黄瓜产量,尤以T4处理效果最显著。【结论】施用氨基酸微肥可以提高日光温室栽培黄瓜果实品质及产量,且以施用20L/667 m2氨基酸微肥效果最好。

[ Objective ] Effects of amino acid microelement fertilizer on fruit quality and yield of cucumber in solar greenhouse were studied in this paper in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application in the cucumber production. [ Method] In solar greenhouse, the concentrations of amino acid microelement fertilizer with 5,10,15,20,25,30 L every 667 m2 were applied in cucumber by irrigation, taking water as control. The soluble sugar content, protein content, VC content, nitrate content and yield of cucumber fruits of the same position were tested after 40 d treatment. [ Result] Compared with the control, all treatments increased cucumber fruit quality. With the concentration of amino acid microelement fertilizers increased, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and vitamin C content also increased, and the variation trends were that under low concentrations it increased greatly and high concentrations demonstrated low decline tendency. Nitrate content decreased when concentration increased, but the extent would decrease when the applied concentration exceed 20 L every 667 m2. Applying concentration of 20 L every 667 m2 （ T4 ） had the best result, and compared with the control, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and vitamin C content of cucumber fruitwere 92.85% ,96.77% ,120.93%, respectively higher than those of the control. Nitrate content decreased Dy 32.77%. At the same time, applying amino acid fertilizer also increased yield of cucumber, and T4 was espe- cially the best. [ Conclusion ] Application of amino acid microelement fertilizer could improve the fruit quality and yield of cucumber in solar greenhouse, and the optimum concentration was 20 L every 667 m2.