晚清新学书目的民族本位史学意识与政治诉求

The National Standard Historiography and Political Appeal of the New Learning Bibliography in the Late Qing Dynasty

晚清出现了一股编纂新学书目的高潮。它们通过提要、类序、自注等多种形式,评论晚清新学历史书籍,体现出浓厚的民族本位史学意识。这表现在三个方面:在批判世界史编纂的语境中争取中国史家的话语权;在对外国(主要是日本)学者所撰写的中国史的批驳中进行国民爱国主义教育;著录、评论中国史家的新学历史撰述,反映出晚清史学的自我期许与学术自信。晚清学者身处内忧外患之中,在所撰写的新学书目中,通过对兴亡史和变法史的评论寄予了保国、强国的政治诉求。

There were a climax of compiling the new learning bibliography in the late Qing dynasty. The new learning bibliography reflects the strong national standard historian awareness. The authors of bibliography struggled for voice in the content of criticizing the compilation of world history. They strengthened patriotism education through criticizing the Chinese history written by Japanese scholars. The new learning bibliography contained the scholars＇ academic self-confidence. Therefore, those bibliography have special importance in the late Qing dynasty history. By commenting the rise and fall and political reform of other countries, the late Qing dynasty scholars expressed political appeal.